Mathematics has been described as the science of pattern.  That’s because pattern is the foundation of all work done in math and is the thread that binds all parts of mathematics together. Through recognizing, describing, extending, and generalizing patterns in quantities, numbers, shapes, and space, we learn that there is a sense of order and predictability to math. We come to realize that the rules and procedures that we are so used to using actually evolved as efficient ways to represent these patterns.

Patterning activities begin simply in prek-k.  Below is an example of a repeating pattern. Part of the pattern is hidden under the cups.  The child makes a prediction as to what comes next in the pattern then lifts the cup for confirmation.

It’s important to also ask the question, “What comes here?” and point to a cup that is not the next in line.  This becomes a little more abstract as the child needs to think through the repeating core of the pattern and use that to predict what’s hidden under a particular cup.  As always, ask the child to explain her thinking.